This is a survey on congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia, conducted by Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons (KAPS). A registration form for each patient during the 5-year period between 2010 and 2014 and a questionnaire were sent to each member. Twenty-six members in 16 institutions returned completed forms. Total patients were 219. Prenatal diagnoses were done in 181 cases (82.6%). Preoperative mortality was 11.4%. Minimal invasive surgery was done in 61 cases (31.8%). Risk factors related with death were Apgar score, oxygenation index, preoperative pH and bicarbonate, O₂ saturation, the presence of hernia sac, and the size of defect. The neonatal survival and 1-year survival of total patients were 77.6% and 75.3%.

National survey for newborns surgery with congenital anomalies by Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons (KAPS) was done. A questionnaire was sent to all members of the KAPS on March 2014. The current survey is to review three years status of the newborn surgery from 2012 to 2013. Thirty-four members (27.9%) took part in the survey that included data for the diagnosis, number and procedures of neonatal surgical cases. The result was discussed at the Topic Discussion section of the 30th Annual Congress of KAPS, 2014.

The members of the Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons conducted a retrospective study of two hundred and twenty-two cases of intestinal atresia for the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009. Seventeen hospitals were involved. There were 76 duodenal, 65 jejunal, and 81 ileal atresias (3 colonic). The male to female ratio was 0.85:1 in DA and 1.34:1 in JIA. Ninety-four patients(43.3%) were premature babies (DA 40.3%, JA 64.6%, IA 28.8%), and 70 babies (32.0%) had low birth weight (DA 38.7%, JA 44.4%, IA 16.0%). Antenatal diagnosis was made in 153 cases (68.9%). However, 27 infants (17.6%) with antenatal diagnosis were transferred to the pediatric surgeon's hospitals after delivery. Maternal polyhydramnios was observed in 81 cases (36.59%) and most frequent with proximal obstruction. In forty-four cases (19.8%), only simple abdominal film was taken for diagnostic study. The associated malformations were more frequently observed in DA - 61.8% in DA and 22.6% in JIA. Meconium peritonitis, small bowel volvulus and intussusception were more frequently associated with ileal atresia. The overall mortality rate was 3.6%.

A nationwide survey on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was undertaken among members of the Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons. The members were required to complete a questionnaire and the case registration form for each patient during the three-year period from July 2001 to June 2004. Eighty one patients were included in the questionnaire, but only 71 patients were registered from 22 members in 16 hospitals. At the same time survey on focal intestinal perforation (FIP) was undertaken and 17 patients were registered from 11 members in 10 hospitals. Total 19,041 newborns were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit during the study period. Eighty one patients (17.27 %) were underwent surgery among 469 babies who were managed under the impression of NEC. The male to female ratio was 2.1:1. The premature were 60.6 %. The most common site of involvement was ileum. Overall and operation survival of NEC were 72 % and 79 %, respectively. The survival was lower in smaller babies, multiple segments involvement and involvement of both the small and large intestine. But there was no difference in survival according to sex or prematurity. The FIP showed very similarity with NEC in terms of incidence, and the age of diagnosis and operation. But the survival was much better and 100 %. The results showed the clinical characteristics of NEC and the trend of management in NEC in Korea. In the future we hope we can discuss about this topic in prospective manner.

This is a survey on congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia, conducted by the Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons(KAPS). A registration form for each patient during the 5-year-period between 1998 and 2002 and a questionaire were sent to each member. Twenty-ninemembers in 22 institutions returned completed forms. The average number of patients per surgeon was 1.4 cases a year. The male to female ratio was 1.64: 1, and annual incidencewas 1/14,522 live births. In this review, factors influencing survival in congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia were age at admission, birth weight, time of antenatal diagnosis, birth place, Apgar score, onset time of symptoms and signs, preoperative cardiopulmonary resuscitation, associated anomalies of themusculoskeletal system, central nervous system, or chromosomes, preoperative stabilization, levels of preoperative FiO₂, pH, and AaDO₂, perioperative complications, bilaterality of defect, size of the defect, and presence or absence of hernia sac.